The stochastic particle swarm optimization (SPSO) algorithm was applied to optimize the thermotherapy scheme of skin surface tumor in this study. Firstly, the photo-thermal transfer model in biological tissue with laser irradiation was introduced, and the finite volume method was employed to solve the Pennes heat transfer equation. Then, the fundamental principles of standard PSO and SPSO algorithm were presented. Finally, the temperature distribution on tumor boundary was used as control parameters to establish the objective function which was minimized by the SPSO algorithm. The optimal heating parameters of laser were selected to reduce the damage of normal tissue during laser induced tumor thermotherapy. Retrieval results demonstrated that the SPSO algorithm can effectively optimize the tumor thermotherapy scheme and improve the thermotherapy effect. Considering the computational efficiency and optimization accuracy, the population size was recommended to be 50.